John Edward Bruce: Politician, Journalist, and Self-trained ...
Ralph Crowder
Kathleen O'Mara Wahle, “Alexander Crummell: Black Evangelist and Pan-Negro Nationalist,” Phylon (Winter 1968), 388–95; Otley M. Scruggs, “Alexander Crummell (1819–1898),” in Logan and Winston, eds., Dictionary of American Negro ...